How Tech Companies Track Your Every Move And Put Your Data Up For Sale (NPR)
https://www.npr.org/2019/07/31/746878763/how-tech-companies-track-your-every-move-and-put-your-data-up-for-sale
We Checked 250 iPhone AppsThis Is How Theyre Tracking You
https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/how-iphone-apps-track-you/
(was not paywalled for me, but if it is, use the archive)
https://archive.is/ZBzBA
I chose the first two because the first gives general info, and the second focuses on what phone apps can gather in addition to what web apps get. Better than I could!
Good luck.
More for the techies here:
Very technical:
How Companies Track You Online The Definitive Guide
https://firewalltimes.com/how-companies-track-you-online/
You can always get good info at off.org.
https://eff.org
Phone-specific:
https://ssd.eff.org/playlist/privacy-breakdown-mobile-phones
Privacy Breakdown of Mobile Phones
Mobile phones have become commonplace and basic communications toolsnow used not only for phone calls, but also for accessing the Internet, sending text messages, and documenting the world.
Unfortunately, mobile phones were not designed for privacy and security by default. Not only do they do a poor job of protecting your communications, they also expose you to new kinds of surveillance risksespecially location tracking. Most mobile phones give the user much less control than a personal desktop or laptop computer would; it's harder to replace the operating system, harder to investigate malware attacks, harder to remove or replace undesirable bundled software, and harder to prevent parties like the mobile operator from monitoring how you use the device. Additionally, the device maker may declare your device obsolete and stop providing you with software updates, including security fixes; if this happens, you may not have anywhere else to turn for these fixes.
Some of these problems can be addressed by using third-party privacy softwarebut some of them can't. Here, we'll describe some of the ways that phones can aid surveillance and undermine their users' privacy.
Part of surveillance self-defense
https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/05/surveillance-self-defense-playlist-getting-know-your-phone