General Discussion

What matters in an indictment is the statute cited, and the alignment of the evidence alleged with the elements of the statute. In each count of the indictment they cited a specific statute. That's all that matters - not what they call it.

The overriding legal rationale for a conspiracy offense (the bulk of the indictment) is that crimes were committed in the US by someone (not necessarily Maduro himself - and that Maduro (anywhere in the world) took concrete steps toward the completion of the conspiracy. The charges against Maduro are very similar to the charges on which the former president of Honduras was convicted. Most of those acts were not conducted on US soil, either.