In the thread about misconception about women's body's, Aristotle said that a woman was an "incomplete male". Now, centuries later Thomas Aquinas put forth the same idea. MANY people believed this.

Misogyny exists always, when women step out of what a patriartical system considered the proper role for women-- which is, at it's heart to serve and satisfy males. Women, with very few exceptions, who have done this were written out of history. EvenIn this small group, how many of are surprised at women we have never heard of who accomplished things out of women's roles.

People also forget in Christendom the attitudes toward women regarding "the fall"--you don't have to go farther that certain religious or philosophical writings to find a real hated for women-- reinforced for centuries.

In fact I have never found a religion where women weren't considered inferior, but that's not the point. Historically women were denied any kind of rights, prostituted out, treated as property commodities, held in contempt, raped, beaten--hated.

To this day, boys are preferred over girls and we have a very slippery slope anti- choice assholes exploit when it's pointed out that China is facing a gender disparity because girls are aborted.

all have been used by men to further the patriarchy. Misogyny isn't inherent in any of them, it's put there by the men who used them as vehicles to advance an agenda when it was convenient to do so.

The history of the word isn't even gender-specific IIRC.

I would say there's:

1). Misogyny
2). Sexism
3). "Has issues with women"

(3) obviously implicating both sexism and misogyny the vast majority of the time (perhaps always) plus whatever psychological elements exist.

Chauvinism is a tactic employed to further a misogynistic cause.

Going forward it is determined that sexism is a term that better defines the tactic.

Chauvinism could include views that could be examples of either benevolent or hostile sexism. Both hostile and benevolent sexism, IMO, are manifestations of misogyny.

Many feminists prefer to save 'misogyny' as a label for only the most egregious forms of bigotry against women. I don't agree with them.

really helps me and, I hope, others as well.

where a lighter-skinned mixed-race woman stood up for her darker-skinned sister, when the cashier treated her unfairly.

That unfairness, I don't know about others, but I would call it racism. I don't see the benefit of watering down terms. Not about racism, and not about misogyny.

where we all know and agree that Noah Webster is infallible, and the undisputed god of the English language. ;^) Otherwise you must realize that some unenlightened individuals will consult Oxford and find

...and exists at the pleasure of the other half.

Whether the justification be religious, cultural, philosophical, economic, or scientific in nature, the sexism, hatred, bigotry, and contempt for a vast part of humanity should shock everyone-but it doesn't, because it's so normalized and conditioned into our very own thought processes, the way we learn, and the way we identify ourselves and each other.

That's why feminism is fundamentally a human rights issue, in addition to being a public health issue and a moral issue (your morality may vary, but if you can't recognize how all forms of oppression violate human dignity...well, I just don't know what to tell you).

Thank you.